Car-roof construction.



W. S. BIDLE & J. A. COSTELLO.

CAR ROOF CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17, 1911.

1,064,958, Patented June 17,1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

In2ren ors W. S. BIDLE & J. A. COSTELLO.

CAR ROOF CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17, 1911 Patented June 17, 1913 5 SHEE TS"SHEET Z.

W. S. BIDLE. & J. A. COSTELLO.

GAR ROOF CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION TILED JULY 17,1911.

Patented June 17, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

nrrenl ors W. S. BIDLE & J. A. COSTELLO.

CAR ROOF CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED JULY 17, 1911.

1,064,958. Patented June 17, 19131 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

202 Z n eflp'epi' V In 2 ae fa w zrenio r5 W. S. BIDLE & J. A. COSTELLO.

GAR ROOF CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17,1911.

Patented June 17, 1913.

UNITE STi-TTES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM S. BIDLE AND JOSEPH A. COSTELLO, O1? CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO CLEVELAND CAR SPECIALTY COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA;

Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented June 17, 1913.

Application filed July 17, 1911. Serial No. 638,857.

To all whom- 1'6 may; won/1cm:

Be it known that we, ti 'nliawn limes and Josm'n A. Cosrnnno, citizens of the United States of America. residing at Cleve land, .in the county of (.luyahoga, of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Roof Coastructioi Z and We do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it.- pertiiins to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improventents in car-roofs, and pertains more especially to an improved car-roof construction for a railway box-car.

The primary object of this invention is to prevent the blowing of snow, rain and rim ders by the wind into a box-car at. the joints formed between the component parts (it the roof of the car.

Another object is to construct a car-root whose component parts are readily" asst-Jinn bled and secured in place.

Anotlu" object. is to provide. a ttil'd'tu' t which is simple and durable in construction and readily and inexpensively repaired.

Another object; is to adequately ventilate the interior or inner surfaces of the component parts of the car-roof.

\Vith these objects in. view, and to the end of attaining any other advantagehereinafter appearing, this invention consists in certain structural features. and combinations and arrangement of parts. I a'einatter described. pointed out. in the claims, and illustrated in the aeronunin-ying drawings.

In the said drawings, Figure is a t-np plan of the left-hand end-porti u1 of a carroof embodyilu our invention. Fig. l is a top plan of the right-hand cud-portion oi" the said roof. Fig. 3' is a. vertical section on line 3-3, Fig. 1, looking in the directitm indicated by the arrow. Fig. -t. is a itlii ca] section on line -l---4, Fig. 3, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. F ig. 5 is a vertical section on line 5-6, Fig. 3.' Fig. (5 is' a horizontal.sect-ion on line 6-43, Fig. 3, looking downwardly. Fig. Tie a vertical: section on line 7-7, Fig. 1, loot:- ing in the direction indicated by the arrow. Fig. 8 is a vertical section on line 8-8, Fig. I looking outwardly, section being ta ken through an end pnrl'm'fhar as well as iteu vertical se ing in the direction indicated by the arrow. Fig. is a vertical section on line 1212. Fig. 11, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.

Portions are broken away in the drawings to reduce the size of the same, and to more clearly illustrate certain features of construction, and Figs. from 3 to 12 inclusive are drawn on a larger scale than Figs. 1 and The framework of. our improved car-roof, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. comprises two laterally spared side plates A and A which nvttnd longitudinally or endwise of the car-roof and are arranged substantially horizontally and parallel. The side plates A are connected together attheir ends by beams ll. Under each side plate A, at each end of the trame of the car-roof. is arranged a post 0. lluch side. plate has its outer side overlapped by carsiding D. Each end beam it has its outer side overlapped by carsiding (1'.

,hletal rat-lines, which comprise each a trough ll, are arranged transversely and spaced lmtgitudinally of the car-roof. being arranged between and spaced from the ends oi the (-al'a'oot. That is. the (allintS are spaced laterally between the end beams l5. 'lhe trough IQ of each carline bl'idgts the.

space between and is supported from the side plates which are preferably recessed, as at (I, at the top thereof to receive the said trough. The troughs l*l of the carlints are theret'ore setinto the side plates A at the top of the side. plates and are thereby prevented from displacement eudwis/e of, the side plates. The trough l) of each carline at, the outer side of each side plate A has adownwardly projecting end-portion 0 extending to and overlapping the outer side of the carsullng 1) adjacent the said side-plate. One of the carlines is shown exposed in Fig. 2, and the shape of the carlines is also shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 11 and 12. The trough E of each earline slopes at the top thereof from the outer side of each side plate upwardly to a point Centrally between the ends of the car-line. Each carline is provided at the top and externally of its trough E with two laterally and outwardly projecting flanges 15 and 15 which are arranged at on posite sides respectively and extend 1011,25 tudinally of the said trough. Each carline is rigidly secured at its flanges 15 (see Figs. 2 11 and 12) by suitably applied bolts E and nuts E to the side plates A.

Instead of employing a ridge-pole extend.- ing from end to end of the car, we employ metal ridge-bars F and f (see Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8) and adjacent carlines are con nected together centrally between their ends by a metal ridge-bar F, and each end beam B is connected to the adjacent carline by a ridge-bar f. The bars F and f extend longitudinally of the car-roof and are arranged centrally between and parallel with the side plates A. The bars F and f are each shaped in cross-section to form two troughs 1G arranged side by side and extending longitudinally of the roof at opposite sides r'cspeo tively of the ridge of the roof. Each side portion of the trough E of each carline is provided at the top of the carline with two depressed seats 20 arranged at opposite sides respectively of-the said ridge to receive the troughs 16 of a ridge-bar. Each bar F extends therefore between and is seated at its ends in the adjacent side portions of the troughsE of adjacent carlines. Each bar is seated, at its inner end, in the adjacent side portion of the trough E of the adjacent carline and, at its outer end, in the adjacent end beam B which is recessed, as at 21, Fi 8, to receive the said bar.

Each ridge-bar is provided, at each end thereof, with a depending flange 17 which extends across the said end of the bar from the outer side of each trough 16 of the bar to the outer side of the other trough 16 of the bar. The flange 17 of each end of each bar F overlaps the inner surface of the side portion of the trough E of the carlinc in which the said end of the said bar is seated and depends into the said trough. The flanges 17 of each bar E cotiperate with the side portions of the troughs E of the carlines in which the said bar is seated in limiting endwise displacement of the said bar.- Each end ridge-bar f has the flange 17 formed on its outer end (see Fig. 7) depending at the outer side of the car-siding d which overlaps the outer side of the adjacent end beam E, and the said beam and the said flange limit endwise displacement of the said bar in one direction, Whereas the flange 17 of the other end of the said bar and the inner surface of the side portion of the trough E of the carline in which the inner end of the said bar is seated limit endwise displacement of the said bar in the opposite direction.

Instead of employing purlins extending from-end to end of the roof, we employ metal purlin-bars H and it (see Figs. 2, 3, 8, l0, l1 and 12) and adjacent car-lines are connected together, at a. plurality of points between each side plate A and the ridge-bar F connecting the said carlines together, by a purlin-bar ll, an each end beam B is connccted to the adjacent. carline at a plurality of points between each side plate A and the ridge-bar f connecting the said carline to the said beam, by a purlinbar h. The bars H and /z extend longitudinally of the roof and are parallel with the ridge-bars and consequently with the side plates A. The bars l H and it are each shaped in cross-section to form two troughs 18 arranged side by side and extending longitudinally of the roof. Each side portion of the trough E of each carline is provided at the top of the carline with two depressed seats 22 spaced longitudinally of the said carline and arranged to receive the troughs 18 of a purlin-bar. Each bar H extends therefore between and is seated at its ends in the adjacent side portions of the troughs E of adjacent carlines. Each bar h is seated, at its inner end, in the adjacent side portion oi the trough E of the adjacent carline and at its outer end in the adjacent end beam. B which is recessed, at b, Fig. 8, to receive the said bar.

Each purlin-bar is provided at each end thereof with a depending flange 19 which extends across the said cud of the bar from the outer side of each trough 18 of the bar to the outer side of the other trough 18 of the bar. The flange 19 of each end of each bar ll overlaps the inner surface of the side portion of the trough E of the carline in which the said end of the said bar is seated and depends into the said trough. The flanges .19 of each bar It cooperate with the side portions of the troughs E of the carlines in which the said bar is seated in limiting endwise displaccmcnt ot the said bar. Each end bar It has the flange 19 formed on its outer end. overlapping the outer side of the adjacent cnd beam 13 (see Fig, 10) and the said 1 am and the said flange limit cnd wise displacement of the said bar in one direction, \vhcrcas the flange 16) on the inner end of the said bar and the inner surface of the side portion of the trough E of the carline in which thc said inner end of the said bar'is scatcd limit cndwisc displacement of the said bar in the opposite direction.

By the construction hcrcinbclorc dcscribed, it wil be observed of course that. the bars F and It are free to expand cndwise and, when uncovered, removable upwardly from the connected troughs for renewal or repairs, and that the bars f and h are free to expand endwisc and removable upwardly, when uncovered. from the connected troughs and end beams for renewal or repairs.

The side plates A, the end beanie B, the carlines, the j'mrlin-hars, the ridgeoars and roofingsheets the maintenance of a snug the spaces between the said parts are covered by sheet-metal roofing which comprises metal roofing-sheets K, metal caps L and metal caps N, and it will be Olihtl'VOtl that at each side of the ridge of the roof two suitably supported metal roofing-sheets K extend (see Figs. 2 and 11) from over each carline laterally of the carline in opposite directions respectively and also extend longitudinally of the carline Figs. 2, 4, 5 and J2) and over and beyond the outer side of the side plate at the said side of the ridge of the root and each roofing-sheet K at the outer side of each side plate A Figs. 2, 3.11 and 32) has a downwardly pro-- jecting end-portion ii? arranged at the outer side of the adjacent dinvnwardly projecting end-portion c of the trough la of the said carline, and the said rootingsheet K curves or slopes, at 2-3, (see Fig. 1.1) upwardly over the said car-line to a iioin nbi"antially central between the sides of the .rl' tsc---that is, between the flanges 13 of the earline,--- and atthc said point has an upwardly pro-- jecting'side portion 24 which extends longitudinally of the said cal-line and termimates in a flange which projects laterally of the said side portion ore and is spaced from the body of the said roofingshect, which flange extends longitudinally of the said side portion of the said rmrtingscction and has a downwardly bent portion 26 extending longitudinally of the dance. Each end-rootin -shect K see l-i s. 7. S, t) and at l 10) of course projects downwardly. as at the outer side of the car-sidiw 1. which overlaps the outer side of the adj-occult cud beam B, but obviously each intermediate roofing-sheet l\', that is, each rootingsheet bridging the space bctwecii two adjacent carlines,--has two upwardly projecting side portions 24 arranged ovci' and extending along the adjacent (airlines respectively:

Adjacent tlangcd side portions it of adja .cent i'oi)fiiig-slicets K are therefore oppositely arranged and contiguous. and a cap l for the said side portions of the said rooting? sheets is provided, which cap con-rs and extends longitudinally of tho flanges 25 of the said side portions of the said rootingwlucts and snugly engages the outer sidcs ot the downwardly bent portions 26 ot' the said flanges and connects and holds the said side portions of the said rooting" sheets together. The adjacent side portions 2-1 of adjacent K and the curve or slope Q3 of the said rooting-shcots over the carline overlapped in common by the said rooting sheets permit a limited expansion and contraction of the said rooting-sheets longitudinally of the roof without interfering with engagement be tween the adjacent Ioofing'cap L and the downwardly bent portions of the flanges l l l i l l l l 1 l l l l l i l l l j l l l l t l l i l l l I sheets. Each cap L is provided externally with two laterally and outwardly projecting flanges 27 arranged at opposite sides respectivcly and (:XtQHtlllig longitudinally of the cap and overlapping the bodies of the roofing-shcets K whose adjacent side portions 24 are covered by the said cap, and the said cap at the outer side of the adjacent side plate A (see Fig. 12) has an end portion Z arranged at the outer side of the adjacent; downwardly projecting end-portions 7c of the said rocling'sheets and projecting downwardly below the adjacent downwardly projecting end-portion c of the trougl'i E of the adjacent car-line.

Each downwardly projecting cnd-portion l of each cap L is attached to the adjacent side plate A preferably by means comprising a horizontally arranged bolt 28 and a nut 29, The said bolt 28 has its head arranged at the outer side of the said portion of the said cap and has its shank extending horizontally through the said portion of the cap at a point below the adjacent down wardly projecting end portion of the body E of the adjacent cal-line and through the adjacent side plate. The said out 29 is screwed onto the said shank at the inner side of the said side plate, and a washer 30 is interposed between the said nut and the side plate.

t im-h rooting-sheet it extends over the adjacent trough ill of the adjaccnt ridge-bar. It will be observed that each ridge-bar is overlapped on top by two rootingsh'cets K 100 which are arranged at opposite sides respectively of the ridge of the roof; that one of the said rootinghcets extends over and across one of the troughs 1!; of the said ridge-bar. and that the other of the said 105 rooting.sl1ccts extends ovcr and across the other of the said troughs. liach rootingslicct K curves or slopes. as at 33. (see Figs.

upwardly orcr the ridge-bur ovcr- 5 and H lapped by the said rooting-sheet to a point 110 substantially centrally between the troughs iii oi the Hilltt l ltlQPl l '*"'tllit is. centrally between the side cdgcs of the i'i(l1!t-l)al', and at the said point has an upwardly projcctiue portion 34 which extends h ngitudinally ot the said ridgc'ba' and terminates in a tlanec 35 which projcct in the direction of the side plate overlapped by the said rootinpshcct and is spaced from the body of the said rootiug-shc t, which flange extends longitudinally of the said upwardly project ing portion of the said rooting-sheet, and cimscquently longitudinally of the said ridge-bar. and has a downwardly bent portion 36 extending longitudinally of the flange. It will be observed that ad jaccnt flanged portions 34 of adjacent rooting-sheets K which are arranged at opposite sides respectively of the ridge of the roof are contiguous and covered .9) ii? upwardly projwil the nub-1' sh ions A Al at was he ran i1 o n with I Him" is he M1 in icmgit 4- (if dllj xtends in and him xtm'nnl c I gihu 1:1 ridge huh. 1

MIN

Mgv M 3 7) the Said rm)! may mvrhwpvd hi3 pm' 11;) m1}; and nmwzm gitm the z'uijmmnt aw cuvcnw N which 031cm h 111N105 and h m! in he adj H 01' the at H10 zu'dly M 0m] f the avh rho sepamfo mm 5 160 pi -rahl perm an the 24:1

:11 (mp iv pmjuciih sheets I hlo 0f \hc ad d inh'rimly of the mud purhon assagew fommuh 1 in 3' mm W f. the

with the 111?}illi flliuli? 0i :1 sun inns mg range 1 mm of the ridge mofin uownw ing la -pp]! 35 whom Lions;

outer Figs.

quonily (l\ in-11s la 0 32100111 0 the ad o slnpe 3 ail roof and ('mmmm '11) are centrally between the sides of the trough E of the said carline and cent-rally between the ends of the said carline and connected to the carline I centrally between the ends of the carline. The lower section R of the said eye-bolt projects a suitable distance above the said carline and terminates at its upper end in a vertically arranged socket l2, and the upper section 1- of the'bolt extends rem Withinthe said socket vertically upwardly. The upper bolt-section r preferably has its lower portion screw-tln'ea'ded externally and screwed into the socket 42 of the lower boltsection B, which socket is correspondingly screw threaded internally to receive the np-' per bolt-section. The said eye-bolt is pro-- vided intermediate its upper extremity and the carlineto which it is connected with upwardly facing shoulder 13 which is formed around the upper section of the said bolt by the upper end of the socket. of the lower section of the bolt. The upwardly facing shoulder 43 of the said eye bol't is overlapped by and forms seat for an arm 44 which extends around the upper section of-the said bolt and is formed on and pro jects from one of the adjacent rooting-caps N, and'the other of the said roofing-caps has an arm 45 which projects over and rests on the arm 44 and extends around the said upper bolt-section. The said upper bolt- 'section also extends upwardly through an arm 46 which is formed on and projects from one of the adjacent roofing-caps L, which arm therefore extends around the said bolt-section and rests on the arm 45 of one of the adjacent roofing-caps N, and the other of the said roofing-caps L/is provided with a projecting arm 47 which overlapstho arm 46 and extends around the said bolt-section In other words, the upper section 7" of the eye-bolt extends loosely through arms at, 45, 46 and 47' formed on the adjacent rooting-caps L and N, which arms are super imposed over the shoulder 43 formed on and circumferentially of the eye-bolt by the upper end of the lower bolt-section it, and the upper bolt-sectitm projects above the uppeu most of the said superim 'ioscd arms and ex tends a suitable distance above and loosely through a cap T which forms the body of. a running-bo-ard-saddle and rests on and extends over the uppermost of the said arms and also extends around the upper bolt-sew tion R, and the said last-mentioned cap or saddle-body has portions 48 resting on and snugly embracing and conforming to the adjacent roofing-caps L and other portions 4*.) resting on and snugly embracing and ropforming to the roofing-caps N. The said cap or saddle-body T is therefore seated on the roofing-caps L and N. The portions 48 and 49 of the cap or saddle-body T extend over and between the flanges 27 and 3t oi the adjacent roofing-caps L and N, as at 50,

a hizri'iontallyarranged metal plate Pwhich terms the top ot the aforesaid runninglie and is nioi'inted on the said ,ddlehodj and the portions 48 of dlehody are provided w ior eo'd plate or saddlea uni screwy at the upper side its top onto the upias its upper porngly externally screw receive the said not and extends looseiy through and above the said plate or ten Upon tightening the said nut p "r or saddletop, the said cap or fitlj. T and the arms 44, 45, 46 and vhe adjacent rooting caps L and N are n; ped by the nut to the shoulder 43 of and a removable pin Q. extending 1,) transversely of and through the oi the lower section B of said bolt 'ncrenti-s rotation of said boltsection during the manipination of said out The employment of a ctional bolt, he 'einhefore de scrihet! in 1,, raring the plate or saddle-top l the cap or saddh2-hody T and the arms 4%. 425, i and st? of the adjacent rooting-caps L and N to the shoulder 43 on the bolt is important. liiecauso tin-rob only a renewal of the upper section of the bolt is required should the threads of the said bolt-section be stripped by undue strain upon the nut.

Three running boards G (see Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 7 and R) are shown arranged in the same pi no hori'lsontaliy and above the carroot centrally between the side plates and extending longriimlinally of and from end to 10 end of the rootv The boards G rest on the plates or ;-;addlc-tops l and at the ends of the i1 "to? (see Figs. 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9) are ired to and supported from suitably applioi. hracltets l which are preferably se- (us-oil to tho rnttliouno; It by silitably applied bolts and 2 shown'in Figs. 8 and 9. The runni. zards (ii are se ured in place in any app :wcd niannen and the intermediate of the said running hoards is recessed 1 5 in its under side, as at g, to acconnnodate the lot-silt i of the nuts .sand the bolts engaged hy the ,aid nuts 7 Each downwardly projecting end portion 7:. oi each end cap Figs. 7, 8 and 9) shown attached to the adjacent end beam it, gi-rcte ihly by means comprising the bolt a1 employ-d in securing the adjacent bracket beans, which bracket overlaps l to the said I e outer side of the said end portion of c said cap. the aid bolt so has its head arranged at the outer side of the said hrarltct and has its shank extending horizontally through the said portion of the cap and through the adjacent downwardly pro- 13o jecting flange 17 of the adjacent and ridgebar f and through the adjacent beam B. A nut is screwed onto the shank of the said bolt to at the inner side of the said beam B, and a washer (Ads interposed between the said nut and the said beam.

The lower section I of each eye-bolt, by the construction hereinbefore described, extends between the adjacent flanges 17 of the adjacent ridge-bars, and we would here remark that the said bolt-section has preferably such thickness that the said flanges are spaced from the said bolt-section so as to prevent the said bolt-section from interferin with a limited expansion of the said ri ge-bars. I

The employment of ridgebars R and r and purlin-bars H and h as hereinbefore described, instead of a ridge-pole and purlins extending from end to end of the car, is not unimportant because the ridge-bars R and r and the purlin-bars H and it applied in accordance with our invention have a limited endwiseexpansion and contraction without interfering with other parts of the roof,

and mutilation of or injury to any ridge bar or to any purlin-bar from any cause only necessitates the renewal or repair of the af fected bar without interfering with the remaining bars.

By the construction hereinbe fore described it will be observed that each carline is overlapped by four metal roofing-sheets; that two of the said reeling-sheets are ar ranged wholly at one side of the ridge of the roof; that the other two of the said sheets are arranged wholly at the opposite side of the ridge; that the rooting-sheets at the same side ot the said ridge extend from over the said carline laterally of the carline in opposite directicais respectively and have upwardly projecting contiguous port ons which extend longitudinally of the carline; that the roofing-sheets which are arranged at op osite sides respectively of the said ridge ut extend laterally of the same side of the said carline have upwardly project in contiguous portions extending longitu inally of the ridge; that the caps covering the upwardly projecting portions of the said roofingshects havesuperimposcd arms arranged centraliy between the ends of the .carline; that the said caps are embraced in common by the body of a running-boardsaddle; board-saddle are clamped to the shoulder 43 of the section B of the adjacenteye-bolt, and that said caps, by clamping them and said saddle to said shoulder are not clamped down against the roofing-sheets so as not to interfere with expansion and contraction of the rootingsheets What we claim is In car-roof construction, the two laterally spaced side plates; an end beam at that said caps and said runningeach end of the roof, which beam connects the side plates together; metal carl nes spaced longitudinally of the roof and comprising each a trough which bridges the space between and is supported from the side plates; several bars arranged longitudinally of the roof at several points between the side plates and spaced endwisc, and-metal roofing covering the said bars, the carlines, the end beams and the side plates and. extending from end'to end of the roof, each bar being provided with two end flanges formed on opposite vends respectively, each end bar extending between and being supported from the adjacent end beam and the adjacent carline and having its outer end flange arranged at the outer side of the said beam and having its inner end flange overlapping the inner surface of the adjacent side portion of the trough of the said carline, and

each intermediate bar extending between and being supported from two adjacent carlines and having its end flanges overlapping the inner surfaces of the adjacent side portions of the troughs of the said carlines.

2. In car-roof construction, the two laterally spaced side plates; an end beam'at each end of the roof, which beam extends between the side plates; metal cal-lines spaced longitudinally of the roof and bridg- 9 ing the space between and supported from the side plates; metal ridge-bars arranged centrally between the side plates and longitudinally of the roof and spaced endwise, and metal roofing covering the ridge-bars, the carlines, the and beams and the side plates and extending from end to end of the roof, each end ridgebar extending between and being supported from the adjacent end beam and the adjacent cat-line, and

each intermediate ridge-bar extending between and being supported from two adi jacent carlines and said bars being free to expand endwise and free to be removed up: wardly when uncovered.

3. In carreof construction, the two laterally spaced side plates;end beams connecting the side plates together at opposite ends respectively of the roof; metal carlines spaced longitudinally of the side plates and com prising each a trough WlllCll bridges the space between and is supported from the side plates; metal ridge-bars arranged centrally between and substantially parallel with the side plates and spaced endwise, and metal roofing covering the ridge-bars, the carlines, the end beams and the side plates and extending from end to end of the roof each ridge-bar being provided at each end with a flange which extends transverselv of the ridgebar, each end ridgs-bar extending between and being seated in the adjacent end beam and the adjacent. carline and having its outer end flange arranged at the outer side of the said beam and having the inner end flange depending into the trough of the adjacent carline, and each intermediate ridge-bar extending between and being supported from two adjacent carlines and having its end flanges depending into the troughs of the said cal-lines,

4. In car-roof construction, the two laterally spacedside plates; an end beam at each end of the roof, which beam extends between the side plates; metal carlines spaoed longitudinally of the roof and comprising each a trough which bridges the space between and is supported from the side plates; metal ridge-bars arranged centrally between the side plates and longitudinally 0f the roof and spaced endwise; metal pnrlin l'iars arranged longitudinally of the roof between the ridge of the root and the side plates and spaced endwise, and metal rooting covering the purlin-bars, the ridge-bars, the end beams, the side plates and the intervening spaces each end ridge bar and each end purlin-bar extending be tween and being supported from the adiacent end beam and the adjacent carline and having each a flange at the outer side ofthe said beam and another flange overlapping the inner surface of the adjacent side portion of the trough of the said carline, and each intermediate ridgehar and each intermediate purlin-bar extending between and being supported from 'two a iacent cal-lines and having flanges overla 'i 'ni' g the inner surfaces of the side portions of the troughs of the said carlines.

5. In ear-root construction, the combination, with the two laterally spaced side plates; car-siding overlapping the outer sides of the side plates; an end beam at each end of the roof, which beam extends be tween the side plates, and metal carlines spaced longitudinally of the root and comprising each a trough which bridges the smce between and is supported from the side plates and placed in commnnication with the-external atmosphere at the outer side of the aforesaid cansiding, of several metal bars arranged longitudinally of the roof at several points between tin" side plates and spaced-englwise, which bars are each shaped in cross-section to Form troughs extending longitudinally of the root". and metal rooting cowripg the bars the cat lines, the end beamsand the side plates and extending from end to end of the roof, each end bar extending between and being supported from the adjacent end beam and the adjacent carline and having its troz 'hs in communication with the trough of the said carline, and each intermediate bar extending between and being supported from two adjacent carlines and in ring; its troughs in communication with the troughs of the said carlines.

6. In Ctll I'UOf mmstruetion, the combinal i i l tudinaily ot the n tion, with the two laterally spaced side plates; an end beam at earh end of the roof, which beam connects the side plates together; earsid ng overlapping the outer side of the said beam, and metal carlines spaced longitudinally of the root and comprising each a trough which ridges the space between and is supported from the sidc'i'ilates, of metal ridge-liars arrai gcil renirallybetween the side plates and longitudinally (it the roof and spaced 'ndniscwhich g sbars rompriee each a il ill; iii ext nding iongitudinally of the root and metal r oting coiniring the ridgr Wars. the mii im the end beams and the side p i and extending from end to end of the root h rial ridge-bar extending betwccn and law; upported from the adjacent end eam and the adjacent carlino and havir; it n commnnivation with the tr i i -ariiuc and with the exter a at the outer aide ot' the \tlY-hitlliiif UR upping the said beam, and each intermediate iii; ir extending between and i i z m'trd from two adjacent rarlinc an i Un its rough in romninniraiion with tin troughof the said carlines.

i. in car-root ionsiz'nii tion, with the tw lati-i-ai r an end beam at rach and of roof, which beam rennet-ts the ti ii yther: carsiding overlapping i c i *1 side at the said beam and metal rarlines spa ed longi and winpi sing each a trough \Vlilt'll bridge-a the space between and is supported from the side piates, of metal ridgobar .irranizwl ventrally between the side plates and longitudinalI of the roof and spaciil eininisu which ridgebars are each shaped. in cro s-section to form two troughs extend lmgitudinally of the root at; oppc .isat metal rooting cover ing the. g -l the rarline the end beams and the Milt plat s and extending from end to end of the r nt. e-w h end ridgebai' tXi'CHtlii lFiWtvl: an br ng supp rted from the aitgawsiit and beam and 1" adja' centillltllt" and bar ,ihs in communication with tie t {he aid carline and with the it out atmos here at the outer side it th ;i ---;di ,f erhrDP n the said he iiiiesniediaie rid 'ebar ext nd i n supported fruit; two ad i; trough n 11:2]! of the said a 8. in tit 'flvii'k i'mistrt wally spared sid piati lapping the mitt r sides of the ide plat er: an end beam at rarh end at the roof, which beam connects the sidiplate together; (arsiding overlapping the outer side of the said beam: metal r-arlines spaced longitudinally of the root and comprising each a trough the combinaa-cd side plates;

"cn and la i bowing its h the troughs mitation tion the two lairar-snhng overridggv bu: Minn! :mrx'any (if the mum side wiaiwa 21w: rmrizzi yw 'mh :u'rnngml can vi the Pzuilme and um and ii uppw.

W 1:! imlt arranged cenk Mi thrvzuiine and Wm and an upper -tc-m'mn Hing w 1- s mmimsti ngr at iis in'h': and

imia :umngmi 51-- 11 of Tim vezfl'mu mu n and an upper 'wu lming mm H "r 'nuiiug at it; iih law its upper wing zhmxldcr flw :zf=.-i*ss;lid saddle. and wti n Ming sxrmwd into mivmaing thmugh and a mmu'mble pin extend- ;md Una-ugh said i-iucket 1 pm; Huh-r-WTUOII, and a the upper boltw1im1 and damping said i tions of the roofing-sheets and having addle. to the aforemid :dmulder.

14. In var-root eonslrui'lion. the combination, with the two laterally pal'ed side plates, a earline bridging the v pat'e between and eonnerled to the ide plates. and f ur metal nailing-sheets overlapping the can line, two of said rootin; -heel being ar ranged at one side oi" the ridge of the root and the other ]'(:()fillg5lll(lh being arranged at the opposite aide ol' the ridgm the root'- ingpeheets at the saute side oi the aid ridge extending from over the (arline linerallr of the earline in uppoaile direelime; respew tively and having upwardly projerting side portion; which extend longitudinally of th oarline, the roofing-sheets which are an ranged at opposite sides respectively of the ridge but extend laterally of the, same side of the carline having upwardly projeeting portions extending longitudinally of the ridge; (mp5 rover-hag the upwardly projert 1 ing portions of the rooting-sheets and bar-- ing filllJQtllIlEllhtifii arms arranged eeutrallv betwen the end of the cal-line; another rap f rming the body of a running board--.--:uldieand extending over the app moat of the said arms and mounted on the alert;- said caps, and a plate forming;- the top of said saddle and mounted on vand saddlebody-torming cap, of an upright belt ar ranged centrally between the ends of the carline and eoniprhing a lower aiei-fieu and an upper section, the lower bolt rtion be ing connected to the earline and having its upper end forming a avatfor {he lower most at the af resaid arms. and lir upper boltb i fllfiil remorably 5(tlill'rll to the and extendin lroin the latter through the said arms a the afor said aaddlabmly-forntin; rap and thrf. 5h and above the aforesaid plate. and a nut. serewiiafi onto the upper l.:olteriion at the top of the plate.

l1! carroof our traction. ihe eoinbi nation, with the two laterally spat-ed aide phdrt 7 and eol'inerrtml to the side plalea and tour metal roofing-sheets overlapping the arllne, two of said rooting-sheet being arranged at one side of the ridge of the root. 1 A a Q l ends 01 the earline and comprising a lower and the other roofing-sheets being arranged at the opposite side of the ridge the rooting-sheets at the same side of the fijllfl rldge extending from over the carllne laterally of the (airline in opposite direetione, and

a Carline bridging the hpaee between mid saddle :of the rooliu w superllllpOSml arms arranged centrally between the ends of the earline; another cap forming the body of a running board saddle plate and extending over the uppermost oldhe said arm and mounted on the aforesaid raps. and a plate forming the top of and mounted on said saddlebody forming rap, of an uprigl'it bolt arranged ventrally between the ends of the earline and eoniprieing a lower section and an upper seetion, the lower boltsertion being v: nneeted to tllv carliue and terminatiugg' at its upper end in a socket which has its upper end forming a seat for the lowermo t of the aforesaid arms, and the upper bolt-section being screwed into the said socket and extending through the said arms and through the aforesaid saddle bod forming cap and through and above t e aforesaid plate, and a nut screwed onto the upper bolt-section at the top of the plate.

H3. in en trot construction the eombina tion, with the two laterally spaced side plates, a earline bridging the space between and eonnwted to the hide plates. and four metal rooting-sheets overlapping the carline, two t said l'llfilln lflillttlS being arranged at one side of the ridge of the root, and the other roolingeheets being arranged at the opposite aide id the ridge, the rooling-sheets at the name ide of the said ridge extending l'roin m'er the eaiuine laterally of the Carline in eppmiie dirm-tions and having upwardly proiertin side portions which extend loizp'itiulinally of lhe rarline, the roofing wheels uliirh are arranged at opposite ides reaper-tirely of the said ridge but extend laterally of the ame side of the eariinr hating: upwardly projecting portions xtending longitudina ly of the ridge; raps rover-inn the upnardl projert-ing portions Heels and having \Juperim po -rd arms arranged ventrally between the 5 nds of th ear-l ne: another rap forming the l l i l l l l l I having n 'nvardly projecting portielfii which extend longitudinally ot' the earliue I I sorhef and extending through the arms and body of a runningdioardwuldle and extending over the uppermost of the said arnn and indunted on the atoresaid rags and a plate formina the top ot said saddle and urounteei on said emldle-body'fornnng rap, of an up right bolt arranged centrally between the v eetion and an upper section. the lower boltseetion being connected to the carline and terminating at its upper end in a socket which has its upper end forming a seat for the lowermost of the aforesaid arms and in upper bolt-section screwed into the said through the aforesaid saddle body-forming rap and through and above the aforesai plate; a removable pin extending trans- YUl'SilY'Of and through said socket and through the upper boltsettion, and a nut screwed onto the upper holt-seetion at the top of the plate.

17. In ear-root (v'onstruetion, the (-otuhination With the two laterall) .spaeed side plate an end heaiu at Qtlt'll end of the root, which healu eonneet the side plates to gather: "(tr-siding at the outer side of the said beam; earlines bridging the spaee hetween and Spar/ed longitudinally of the side plates, and metal ridge-ham arranged eeutrail hetweeu the side plates and longitu dinally ot' the root and spared end\\'i.-e and comprising aeh a trough arranged tough tudinall of the root. eaeh end ridge har extendii'ig between the adjaeent end i PilIIi and the adjacent earliue, and eat'h interme diate ridge'har extending between two adjacent earlines, of metal roofing+heets arranged Wholly at one side of the ridge of the roof; metal roofing'sheets arranged Wholly at the opposite side of the said ridge, adja cent roofing-sheets at the same side of the said ridge extending from over a earliue laterally of the. earliue in oppoeite direction; and having covered uj'm'ardl projecting side portions extending longitudinally of; the earline, adjacent rooting sheets whieh are arranged at opposite sides of the said 1 ridge having upwardly projeeting portions extending longitudinally of the ridge, 1

and metal caps covering the last-mentioned upwardly projecting portions of the roofingsheets, iaeh eap which eovers the said lastmentioned upwardly projecting portions of adjaeent end root ng SllQtt'S having an end portion projecting downwardly at the outer side of the ear-siding overlapping the adjaeent end beam and forming an air-c0nducting pasmgmvay which communicates with the external atmosphere at the lower end of the said end portion of the said Cap and is in eouununit-ation with the trough of the adjaeeut ridgeliar.

18. A car roof comprising earlines haviug up'danding flanges, and purlins extendinn" from ear-line to earline over the flanges of a pair of adjat-eut cal-lines and having depending end on the far side, of said flanges.

19. A ear roof eomprising earlines each hiring a pair of flangea, pnrlins extending from earline to earliue and having ends de pending between the pair of flanges.

Signed in us at (Vlleveland, Ohio this 11th da of July, 1911.

WILLIAM S. BIDLE. JOSEPH A. COSTELLO.

ll'itnesses: I

li. (l. Bnown, N. 11. :LLMJNXELL. 

